French Citizenship
French citizenship is governed primarily by the right of blood (Ius Sanguinis). The Certificat de Nationalité Française (CNF) is the document required by the French authorities to formally recognize your citizenship.
01
Children of French Citizens
If at least one of your parents was French at the time of your birth, you are automatically considered a French citizen. If you were born outside France, registration of your birth certificate at the consulate and an application for the CNF are required.
✓ Qualifying Example
YES: Your father was born in Lyon, relocated to Canada, and you were born there. Your father maintained a valid French passport and registered you at the French consulate before you reached the age of majority.
02
Grandchildren or Great-Grandchildren — CNF and Effective Tie
In certain cases, if at least one grandparent was French, citizenship may be applied for by means of a CNF. Critical rule: if for more than 50 years no effective tie to France existed, citizenship may be considered extinguished.
✓ / ✗ Examples
YES: Your French grandfather lost his citizenship upon naturalizing before 1963, but you have maintained a connection to French culture, speak the language, and can demonstrate that the interruption does not exceed 50 years.
NO: Your great-grandfather was born in France in 1890 and emigrated in 1910. Since then, no generation has held a French passport, lived in France, or contacted the consulate in over 60 years.
NO: Your great-grandfather was born in France in 1890 and emigrated in 1910. Since then, no generation has held a French passport, lived in France, or contacted the consulate in over 60 years.
Important: There are ways to formally establish an effective tie today. Let us explore your options with you.
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